What is a Bank Account Ledger?
The bank account ledger is a running record of the deposits, disbursements, transfers, and manual adjustments posted against a single bank account since its starting balance date, along with the balance after each one. It's the same idea as the register you'd keep for a checkbook, kept for you automatically as you record activity elsewhere in M2.
Use the ledger to see how a bank account's balance got to where it is, or to track down a specific transaction.
Getting Started / How to Access
- Go to your local's dashboard.
- Click the Income & Expenses tab.
- In the Bank Accounts card, click the name of the account you want to view.
You can also get here from the full Bank Accounts list: click the open-in-browser icon on the Bank Accounts card, then click the account's name.
Reading the Account Summary
The left side of the account page summarizes the account:
| Field | What It Shows |
|---|---|
| Institution | The bank holding this account, if entered. |
| Account Number | The last four digits on file for this account. |
| Default Account | Whether this is the local's default bank account: Yes or No. Every local starts with one bank account already set up automatically, named "Operating Account," though it can be renamed like any other account. |
| Starting Balance | The balance M2 starts counting from, and the date it was accurate "as of." |
| + Deposits | Total of officer funds transfers deposited into this account. |
| - Disbursements | Total of money paid out of this account. |
| + Transfers In | Total transferred into this account from other bank accounts. |
| - Transfers Out | Total transferred out of this account to other bank accounts. |
| Adjustments | Net total of manual adjustments recorded on this account. |
| Current Balance | Starting balance plus deposits, minus disbursements, plus transfers in, minus transfers out, plus adjustments. This is the account's balance in M2 today. |
Reading the Ledger
The right side of the page lists the transactions on this account, in date order, with a running balance:
| Column | What It Shows |
|---|---|
| Date | The date of the transaction. |
| Check # | The check number for a disbursement, or N/A if none was entered. |
| Description | For a deposit, "Officer Funds Transfer." For a disbursement, the payee and the comment. For a transfer, "Transfer from" or "Transfer to" the other account, plus the memo. For an adjustment, "Adjustment" plus the memo. |
| Deposit | The amount, if this entry added money to the account. |
| Disbursement | The amount, if this entry took money out of the account. |
| Balance | The running balance after this entry is applied. |
When the ledger is sorted by Date with the oldest entry first, the first row is the account's Starting Balance, the anchor point the rest of the ledger builds from. If it's wrong, see How to Fix a Starting Balance. If the balance shown ever goes negative, it appears in red.
The ledger shows 10 entries at a time. Use the page buttons below the table to see more, or choose a larger number in the list above it.
You can click a column heading to sort by that column. The Balance column is a running total worked out in date order, so after you sort by anything other than Date, the balances no longer follow one another down the page. M2 remembers your sort and your entries-per-page choice for a couple of hours, even when you open another account's ledger, so click Date to put the ledger back in order.
Each type of entry behaves a little differently when you click it:
- Deposits (officer funds transfers): click the amount to open the transfer that deposited this money.
- Disbursements: click the amount to open the disbursement authorization, showing the payee, check number, and what it was for.
- Transfers between bank accounts: click the amount to see the transfer's details.
- Adjustments: if you have financial write access, click Adjustment to edit it, or the trash icon to remove it.
Recording an Adjustment from This Page
If you have financial write access and need to correct the balance for a reason that isn't a normal deposit, disbursement, or transfer (a bank fee, interest earned, or a correction), click Record Adjustment at the top of the account page. Enter the date (it must be after the account's starting balance date), the amount (use a negative number to reduce the balance, and don't use zero), and a memo explaining the adjustment, then click Save.
Then record the same adjustment on the fund the money belongs to, usually General Fund. On the Income & Expenses tab, click that fund in the Funds card, click Record Adjustment, and enter the same date, amount, and memo. The date must be after the fund's starting balance date too. Fund Reconciliation checks that your funds add up to your bank accounts plus any untransferred funds, so an adjustment on the bank account alone shows up there as a difference.
For an investment account or a CD, see How to Track an Investment Account.
Tips
- Use the memo field. Transfers and adjustments both have a memo field. Fill it in so anyone reading the ledger later understands what happened and why.
- Click before you assume. Every deposit, disbursement, and transfer amount in the ledger is a link to the underlying record. If a number looks wrong, click it to see the full detail rather than guessing.
- Watch for red. A balance shown in red means the running total has gone negative at that point in the ledger. It's worth investigating even if the current balance is positive.
Troubleshooting
Q: A transaction I expected to see isn't in the ledger.
A: There are a few common reasons:
- Its date is on or before the account's starting balance date. Entries dated on or before the starting balance date are already accounted for in the starting balance itself and aren't listed separately.
- It was voided. Voided disbursements and voided transfers aren't listed.
- It was recorded against a different bank account.
- It's a payment. Payments don't get their own rows. Each one is counted in the "Officer Funds Transfer" row for the deposit that included it, so click that row's amount to see the payments in it. A payment that isn't in an officer funds transfer yet shows under Untransferred Funds on the Income & Expenses tab instead.
- It's on another page of the ledger, because the ledger shows 10 entries at a time.
Q: The balance in M2 doesn't match my bank statement.
A: This is normal if you have outstanding checks that haven't cleared yet, or deposits still in transit. Compare the ledger against your statement transaction by transaction to spot the differences.
Related Guides
- 20 - How to Manage Bank Accounts
- 22 - How to Transfer Between Bank Accounts
- Entering Disbursement Authorizations (previously known as Vouchers)
- Untransferred Funds / Cash To Treasurer
- 31 - How to Start Using Multiple Bank Accounts
- 32 - How to Track an Investment Account
- 33 - How to Fix a Starting Balance
Glossary
| Term | What It Means |
|---|---|
| Local | The individual unit within your organization where members hold their primary membership, such as a chapter or local committee. |